{"id":1688,"date":"2009-04-02T11:32:00","date_gmt":"2009-04-02T08:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/?p=1688"},"modified":"2025-08-24T18:15:14","modified_gmt":"2025-08-24T15:15:14","slug":"enver-behnan-sapolyo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/?p=1688","title":{"rendered":"Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Enver Behnan \u015eAPOLYO<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tKaynak: Vikipedi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEnver Behnan \u015eAPOLYO, Maliye Okullar\u0131 i\u00e7in 3 ciltlik T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi<\/b> ders kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131d\u0131r.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Maliye Okullar\u0131 i\u00e7in 3 ciltlik T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi ders kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo<\/strong>, 1900 tarihinde \u0130stanbul’un Koca Mustafa Pa\u015fa semtinde, Bey\u00e7ay\u0131r\u0131 Soka\u011f\u0131’nda do\u011fmu\u015ftur. B\u00fcy\u00fck babas\u0131 Afyonkarahisar mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Salih Bey, babas\u0131 eski Maarif Nezareti Meclisi Kebir ve Muayene azas\u0131ndan Fevzi Bey’dir. Fevzi Bey 1908 tarihinde \u0130stanbulda “Protesto” ad\u0131nda bir gazete ne\u015fretmi\u015ftir. 
Ayn\u0131 zamanda El Adil adl\u0131 Arap\u00e7a bir gazetede de ba\u015fmuhabirlik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Bir\u00e7ok da dergilere yaz\u0131lar yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fevzi Bey, Hoca Tahsin Efendi’nin\u00a0\u0130lm-i Ruh<\/a>,\u00a0Esrar-\u0131 Abu Hava<\/a>,\u00a0Tarihi Tekvin<\/a>,\u00a0Esas-\u0131 \u0130lmi Heyet<\/a>, adl\u0131 eserlerini \u00f6ns\u00f6zler ekleyerek yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Fevzi Bey b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk alimi Hoca Tahsin Efendi’nin\u00a0\u0130lm-i Ruh<\/a>,\u00a0Esrar-\u0131 Abu Hava<\/a>,\u00a0Tarihi Tekvin<\/a>,\u00a0Esas-\u0131 \u0130lmi Heyet<\/a>, adl\u0131 eserlerini \u00f6ns\u00f6zler ilavesiyle tab ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/header>\n\t\t

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\u015eapolyo, ilk ve orta tahsilini\u00a0\u0130stanbul Lisesi<\/a>‘nde yapt\u0131ktan sonra okul taraf\u0131ndan [1917] tarihinde Almanya’ya tahsile g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fctareke dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile Almanya’dan d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra \u00f6\u011fretmen okuluna gitmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Milli M\u00fccadele<\/a>‘nin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Anadolu’ya ge\u00e7erek Ka\u011fn\u0131 Kollar\u0131 Komutan\u0131 olarak cepheye cephane ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00f6revini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Kanl\u0131 Bayrak<\/a>\u00a0Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye<\/a>\u00a0M\u00fcfrezesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretmen okulundan mezun olduktan sonra Dil ve Tarih – Co\u011frafya Fak\u00fcltesine iki y\u0131l devamdan sonra\u00a0\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi<\/a>\u00a0Tarih Fak\u00fcltesi’nde okumu\u015f ve tarih \u00f6\u011fretmeni olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>

\u0130ki y\u0131l da felsefe derslerine devam etmi\u015f, Ziya G\u00f6kalp’in Ameli \u0130\u00e7timayiat derslerine devam ederek\u00a0Sosyolojiye<\/a>\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131 ile\u00a0Ankara Sultanisi<\/a>,\u00a0Konya Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0\u0130stanbul Erkek Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0Vefa Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0Kuleli Askeri Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0Maltepe Askeri Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0Maarif Koleji<\/a>,\u00a0T\u00fcrk Ku\u015fu<\/a>,\u00a0Gazi Lisesi<\/a>,\u00a0Harp Okulu<\/a>,\u00a0Ticaret ve Turizm Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu<\/a>‘nda\u00a0\u0130nkilap Tarihi<\/a>\u00a0ve\u00a0Ahlak Tarihi<\/a>\u00a0\u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011finden sonra,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye’nin Turistik \u00d6zelli\u011fi<\/a>\u00a0ve\u00a0An\u0131tlar Tarihi<\/a>\u00a0derslerini okutmu\u015ftur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Radyo E\u011fitim M\u00fc\u015faviridir.<\/p>

Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo bir yandan hocal\u0131\u011fa devam ederken di\u011fer yandan da gazeticilik mesle\u011fine girmi\u015ftir. 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara’da ne\u015frolunan\u00a0\u00d6\u011f\u00fct Gazetesi<\/a>\u00a0ile\u00a0Yenig\u00fcn Gazetelerinde<\/a>\u00a0muhabirlik, sonrada muharrirlik etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Hakimiyet-i Milliye<\/a>,\u00a0Ulus Konya Babal\u0131k<\/a>\u00a0gazetelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra H\u00fcseyin Cahit Bey’in \u00e7\u0131karmakta oldu\u011fu Tanin gazetesinin Ankara muhabirli\u011fini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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1924<\/a>\u00a0tarihinde \u0130stanbul’a gelerek Son Telgraf, Cumhuriyet, Yeni T\u00fcrkiye, Vakit, Ak\u015fam, Gece Postas\u0131, \u0130kdam – Son Telgraf, Yeni Sabah gazetelerinde muharirlik ve musahhihlik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1955 y\u0131l\u0131nda Zafer Gazetesi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak bu gazetede Tarihi makaleleriyle, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Hayat\u0131, Milli M\u00fccadelenin i\u00e7 alemi adl\u0131 tefrikalar\u0131 ne\u015fredilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Ankara’da ne\u015frolunan \u0130nkilap, Ulus, Haber, Son Bask\u0131 Gazetelerinde de makale ve tefrikalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

\u0130stanbul’da ne\u015frolunan Yeni Gazete, Yedig\u00fcn, B\u00fcy\u00fck Gazete, Resimli Per\u015fembe, Resimliay, Resimli Mecmua, T\u00fcrk Yurdu, Kad\u0131n Yolu Mecmuas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Yurdu, K\u00f6y Postas\u0131, \u00c7ocuk Ve Yuva, Gen\u00e7ay, Hafta, \u00c7ocuk Haftas\u0131, iller ve Belediyeler Dergisi, \u00d6nasya, \u00dclkemiz, T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, Halk Evleri Mecmuas\u0131, Ankara Belediyesi’nin ne\u015fretmekte oldu\u011fu Ankara adl\u0131 mecmualarda tarih\u00ee makaleleri ve tarih\u00ee romanlar\u0131 ne\u015fredilmi\u015ftir. Gazetecilite uzun seneler hizmetinden dolay\u0131 Bas\u0131n \u015eeref kart\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0130nkilap tarihi ile ilgili yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu eserleri ile T\u00fcrkiye ve d\u0131\u015f memleketlerde tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amerikal\u0131 bir\u00e7ok tarihciler \u015eapolyo’nun tarihi eserlerinden faydalanm\u0131\u015flar ve eserlerini bibliyograflar\u0131na alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlardan Profes\u00f6r\u00a0Uriel Heyd<\/strong>\u00a0in yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu Foundations of Turkish Nationalism London – co – Luzac – 1950 (T\u00fcrk Milliyetcili\u011finin esaslar\u0131) adl\u0131 eserden ba\u015fka yine Amerika da \u0130ngilizce olarak \u00e7\u0131kan\u00a0Kemal Karpat<\/a>\u00a0\u0131n Turkey’s Politic 1959 Princeton University Press (T\u00fcrkiye’nin Dahili Siyasetine Dair) kitab\u0131nda \u015eapolyo’nun eserlerinden faydalan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Amerikal\u0131 Miss Elaine D. Smith’in yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0130ngilizce\u00a0Turkey: Origins of the Kemalist Movement and the Govenrment of the National Assembly<\/strong>\u00a0Washington – 1959 yani (Kemalizm Esaslar\u0131 ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi H\u00fck\u00fcmeti) adl\u0131 eserde, \u015eapolyo’dan faydalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Eserlerinden\u2026<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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10 A\u011fustos 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda Moskova’da toplanan 25. Enternasyonal M\u00fcste\u015frikler Kongresine Moskova \u0130lim Akademisi taraf\u0131ndan delege se\u00e7ilerek davet edilmi\u015ftir. Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo’nun G\u00fclbahar Sultan adl\u0131 edebi bir eseride S\u0131rp\u00e7a ve H\u0131rvat\u00e7a’ya terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\u015eapolyo'nun Bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00d6nemli Eserleri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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1– Filozof G\u00f6kalp – 1933<\/p>

2– Tarih Bakaloryas\u0131 1. cilt. ilk ve Orta \u00c7a\u011flar Tarihi – 1934<\/p>

3– \u0130kinci cilt Yeni\u00e7a\u011f Osmanl\u0131 ve cumhuriyet Devirleri – 1935<\/p>

4– T\u00fcrk Soyadlar\u0131 – 1935<\/p>

5– Kurtulu\u015f Edebiyat\u0131 Tarihi – 1938<\/p>

6– Onuncu Y\u0131l – 1938<\/p>

7– Ziya G\u00f6kalp ittihat ve Terakki ve Me\u015frutiyet Tarihi – 1943<\/p>

8– Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ve Milli M\u00fccadele Tarihi – 1944<\/p>

9– Mustafa Re\u015fit Pa\u015fa ve Tanzimat Devri Tarihi – 1945<\/p>

10- Tarih\u00e7i E\u015fref Albat\u0131 – 1945<\/p>

11- Velet \u00c7elebi \u0130zbudak – 1946<\/p>

12- Karag\u00f6z’\u00fcn Tarihi – 1946<\/p>

13- Osmanl\u0131 – \u0130nkilap ve Avrupa Tarihi \u00d6z\u00fc – 1946<\/p>

14- Karag\u00f6z\u00fcn Tekni\u011fi – 1947<\/p>

15- Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve F\u0131rka Nedir? – 1947<\/p>

16-\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi 3 Cilt (Maliye okullar\u0131 i\u00e7in) – 1947<\/strong><\/p>

17- M\u00fczeler Tarihi – 1948<\/p>

18- T\u00fcrk \u0130nkilab\u0131 Tarihi – 1948<\/p>

19- T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi (Liseler i\u00e7in – 8 defa bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) – 1949<\/p>

20- T\u00fcrk Efsaneleri – 1949<\/p>

21- Gazi Musa Pa\u015fa ve Silistre M\u00fcdafas\u0131 – 1950<\/p>

22- Hz. Ali – 1950<\/p>

23- D\u00fcnya efsaneleri – 1954<\/p>

24- Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Hayat\u0131 – 1955<\/p>

25- \u0130lk \u00c7a\u011f Tarihi – 1958<\/p>

26- Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye Tarihi – 1958<\/p>

27- \u0130laveli – Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ve Milli M\u00fccadele Tarihi – 1958<\/p>

28- Halk Ninnileri – 1958<\/p>

29- Gazi Osman Pa\u015fa ve Plevne M\u00fcdafas\u0131 – 1958<\/p>

30- Ahlak Tarihi – 1960<\/p>

31- T\u00fcrk B\u00fcy\u00fckleri 1960<\/p>

32- T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi – 1960<\/p>

33- Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131 Tarihi – 1960<\/p>

34- \u0130nkilap Tarihi – 1960<\/p>

35- Mezhepler ve Tarikatlar Tarihi – 1964<\/p>

36- T\u00fcrk Menk\u0131beleri – 1964<\/p>

37- Sel\u00e7uk Han – 1966<\/p>

38- Tu\u011frul Han – 1966<\/p>

39- Melik \u015eah – 1966<\/p>

40- Alparslan – 1966<\/p>

41- K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Arslan – 1966<\/p>

42- Birinci Alaettin – 1966<\/p>

43- Sel\u00e7uk Medeniyeti – 1966<\/p>

44- K\u0131r\u015fehir B\u00fcy\u00fckleri – 1967<\/p>

45- Mustafa Kemal ve Milli M\u00fccadelenin \u0130\u00e7 Alemi – 1967<\/p>

46- \u0130stiklal Edebiyat\u0131 Tarihi – 1968<\/p>

47- Peygamberler Tarihi – 1968<\/p>

48- Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Tarihi – 1968<\/p>

49- T\u00fcrk Gazeteciler Tarihi<\/p>

50- Ahiler Tarihi<\/p>

51- T\u00fcrkiye An\u0131tlar Tarihi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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romanlar\u0131ndan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u015eapolyo’nun bu eserlerle beraber edebi romanlar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuk edebiyat\u0131 ne\u015friyat\u0131ndan olmak \u00fczere 45 eseri daha vard\u0131r. Bas\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olanlarla eserlerinin tamam\u0131 110 cilttir.<\/p>

\u00a0Ay\u015fim, Alp Arslan, Yayla G\u00fcl\u00fc, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Dede Korkut Masallar\u0131, K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Arslan, \u015eair Nedimin A\u015fk\u0131, Barbaros, Turgut Reis, Fatih \u0130stanbul Kap\u0131lar\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk Masallar\u0131, Atilla, T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131, Ali Baba, Estergon Kalesi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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HAYATI
(Kastamonu Gazetesinden)<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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1917 y\u0131l\u0131nda lise e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in Almanya\u2019da bulunurken Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Anadolu\u2019ya d\u00f6nen ve Ka\u011fn\u0131 Kollar\u0131 Komutanlar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo (1900-1972) bir T\u00fcrk Tarih\u00e7isi, e\u011fitimci ve gazetecidir.<\/p>\n

Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo 15 arkada\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte Anadolu\u2019ya ka\u00e7maya karar verir ve Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin gizli te\u015fkilat\u0131 olan Mim Mim Grubu ile temasa ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015far\u0131r. Gizli bir g\u00f6reve (\u0130stanbul\u2019da depolardan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan silahlar\u0131 \u0130nebolu\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrmekle g\u00f6revli) memur edilen \u015eapolyo, Hilali Ahmer\u2019e ait malzemeleri g\u00f6t\u00fcren bir \u0130talyan Vapuru ile \u0130nebolu\u2019ya 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda gelir.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u0130nebolu\u2019yu b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bulan \u015eapolyo, buray\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlar. Vapur \u0130nebolu a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda demirleyince kay\u0131klarla Milli M\u00fccadele subaylar\u0131 gelir ve t\u00fcm yolcular\u0131n \u201citimatnamesini\u201d kontrol ederler. Kendisinin itimatnamesi yoktur ama subaya \u201cNuh\u2019un Selam\u0131 var\u201d diyerek kendisinin Mim Mim grubunun bir \u00fcyesi oldu\u011funu belli eder ve il\u00e7eye giri\u015f izni al\u0131r. \u201cNuh\u201d Mim Mim Grubunda Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn gizli ismidir\u2026 Subaya vesikas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren \u015eapolyo \u0130stanbul\u2019dan getirdi\u011fi silahlar\u0131 subaylara teslimeder.<\/p>\n

Kay\u0131kla SedBa\u015f\u0131na (yar ba\u015f\u0131na) \u00e7\u0131kan \u015eapolyo, buradaki kahvede nargile i\u00e7erek yolcular\u0131 seyreden ahaliden uzakla\u015f\u0131p y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u015e\u00fckran Lokantas\u0131nda karn\u0131 doyurulur daha sonra da \u015eeref Otele yerle\u015ftirilir. Otel, \u0130slam Doruk ve Gavur Doruk denen iki tepeye yani g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Geri\u015f Tepesi ve \u0130slam Tepeye bakmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Damlar\u0131 arduvaz ta\u015flar\u0131yla \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc kagir evlerden olu\u015fmu\u015f \u0130nebolu sokaklar\u0131 muntazam olmakla birlikte insan kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ilmiyordur o tarihlerde. \u0130nsanlar kahvehanelerde ya da me\u015fhur Kebap\u00e7\u0131 Recep A\u011fan\u0131n kebab\u0131n\u0131 yiyerek vakit ge\u00e7iriyorlard\u0131r. Kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n as\u0131l nedeni ise \u0130nebolu\u2019ya inen herkes i\u00e7in Ankara\u2019dan ge\u00e7i\u015f izni gelmesi beklenmesidir.            \u0130nebolular\u0131n \u00e7ok kahraman insanlar oldu\u011funun \u00fczerine basan Enver \u015eapolyo, K\u0131lk\u0131\u015f Z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n il\u00e7eyi bombalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman (9 Haziran 1921) ya\u015fanan Hamamc\u0131 Kad\u0131 Salih Reis ile b\u00f6lge kumandan\u0131 Muhidddin Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n diyologu ile yine bir g\u00fclleyi ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00e7ocu\u011fun yan\u0131nda bomba patlay\u0131p yaralanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yine de y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0131rakmay\u0131p cephaneyi \u0130ki\u00e7ay Mevkiine g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesini hat\u0131rlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u0130nebolu\u2019nun \u015eehzadeden Bol\u015feviklere De\u011fi\u015fik Misafirleri:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nebolu Milli M\u00fccadele d\u00f6neminde sadece silah ve lojistik malzemenin ge\u00e7i\u015f yolu de\u011fildir. Buras\u0131 \u0130stiklal\u2019in t\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin, t\u00fcm emek\u00e7isinin ve t\u00fcm destek\u00e7ilerinin ge\u00e7i\u015f yoludur. Bu nedenle ister yerli isterse yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcm ki\u015fi ve gruplar buradan ge\u00e7iyor, Anadolu\u2019daki Milli M\u00fccadele ruhuna dair ilk ate\u015f kalplere burada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Tabi ki yol her ne kadar Milli M\u00fccadeleye \u00f6m\u00fcr vermi\u015f ve destekleyenlerin g\u00fczergah\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi bu ate\u015fi sabote etmek isteyenlerin de kullanaca\u011f\u0131 ya da kullanmak istedi\u011fi bir yol da olacak; bu nedenle yabanc\u0131s\u0131ndan ajan\u0131na, haininden sabotajs\u0131na kadar kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6ylesi bir atmosferde \u0130nebolu\u2019nun \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik misafirleri de olacakt\u0131r. Bunlardan biri Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz\u2019in torunu yani Abd\u00fclmecid\u2019in o\u011flu \u015eehzade \u00d6mer Faruk olacakt\u0131r. 1920 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0130nebolu\u2019ya yaveri k\u0131z karde\u015fi ile \u00e7\u0131kan \u015fehzade, kalabal\u0131k bir insan toplulu\u011funca kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f ard\u0131ndan Belediye Reisi Kara G\u00fcllezade\u2019nin evinde misafir edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bir hafta \u0130nebolu\u2019da kal\u0131p hi\u00e7 evden \u00e7\u0131kmayan \u015eehzade, sivil polislerce takip edilmi\u015f ve k\u0131sa bir sorguya \u00e7ekilerek neden Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7mek istedi\u011fi soruldu\u011funda Mustafa Kemal\u2019in ordusuna kat\u0131lmak istedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Kendisinin bu iste\u011fi Mustafa Kemal\u2019e bildirilince Pa\u015fa da derhal \u0130stanbul\u2019a iade edilmesini emretmi\u015f ve k\u0131\u015f mevsiminden dolay\u0131 Ilgaz\u2019dan ge\u00e7i\u015fin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bahane edilerek Samsun\u2019dan gelen bir vapur ile \u0130stanbul\u2019a geri g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

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\u0130nebolu Aba\u015f Tepe ve \u0130slam Tepesi<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f destek\u00e7ilerinden en \u00f6nemlisi Rusya\u2019da yeni bir devrim yapm\u0131\u015f ve emperyal g\u00fc\u00e7lerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak isteyen Bol\u015feviklerdir. Ayn\u0131 tarihlerde 8 ki\u015filik bir Bol\u015fevik Heyeti Odessa\u2019dan \u0130nebolu\u2019ya gelmi\u015f burada iki g\u00fcn misafir edildikten sonra Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa yan\u0131na gitmi\u015flerdir. Bu tarihlerde Rusya\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131tl\u0131k ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r ve Ruslar Anadolu\u2019dan bu\u011fday al\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda silah ve alt\u0131n vermek \u00fczere Anadolu H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile anla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ve bir casus Hintli Mustafa Sagir\u2019de \u0130nebolu\u2019dan yolu ge\u00e7en isimlerden biri olmu\u015ftur. Kendisinin hen\u00fcz bir \u0130ngiliz casusu oldu\u011fu bilinmezken, g\u00fcya \u0130stanbul\u2019da Mim Mim grubu ile i\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tutuklan\u0131p \u0130\u011fneada\u2019ya g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi ve daha sonra buradan ka\u00e7arak \u0130nebolu\u2019ya geldi\u011fi yalan\u0131yla piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00c7ok iyi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmekte ve Hintli M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019ye yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 getirdi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir. Kendisi olduk\u00e7a f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 bir havada Bahri Cedid vapuru ile \u0130nebolu\u2019ya gelir  ve o f\u0131rt\u0131nada sadece \u0130lyas Kaptan\u2019\u0131n dalgalarla m\u00fccadelesi ile karaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. Mustafa Sagir il\u00e7enin t\u00fcccarlar\u0131ndan ve M\u00fcdafa-i Hukuk \u00fcyelerinden Dillizade Vehbi Beyin evinde misafir edilir. \u0130nebolu\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece Hintli M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan para hatta asker yard\u0131m\u0131 getirece\u011fini, Hindistan\u2019da art\u0131k M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na Enver ismi yerine Mustafa ismini koyduklar\u0131 gibi yalanlar s\u00f6yler ve Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fece\u011fin bildirmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nebolu\u2019dan Ankara ge\u00e7en Mustafa Sagir elbetteki takip ediliyordur ve burada casus oldu\u011fu kesinle\u015fince \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi karar\u0131yla Karao\u011flan \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda as\u0131larak idam edilecektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nebolu\u2019nun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fcl\u00fcklerden biri de Milli M\u00fccadele Ordusu\u2019nun ilk sava\u015f tayyaresinin \u0130nebolu\u2019dan Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7i\u015fidir. Erzurumlu Nafiz Bey\u2019in (Nafiz Kotan 1885-1946, Milli M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131nda ordunun bir\u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir isimdir. Nafiz Bey orduya 3 u\u00e7ak al\u0131p hibe etmi\u015ftir.) karde\u015fi Necip Bey \u0130talyanlardan bir u\u00e7ak sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f ve bu u\u00e7ak da \u0130nebolu\u2019ya getirilmi\u015ftir. U\u00e7ak buradan Bolu\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve ilk u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 burada yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u0130nebolu\u2019ya getirildi\u011fi g\u00fcn \u0130nebolu\u2019dan Mustafa Kemal\u2019e \u015fu telgraf \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

            \u201c\u0130nebolu<\/em><\/p>\n

            30 Ocak 1921<\/em><\/p>\n

            B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Reisi Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa Hazretlerine;<\/em><\/p>\n

            \u0130stanbul\u2019dan sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m ve buraya getirmeye muvaffak oldu\u011fum tayyare u\u00e7arak bug\u00fcn geldi. Orduya nam\u0131ma teberru ediyorum. Kabul\u00fcn\u00fc istirham ile d\u00fc\u015fman \u00fczerine ilk bombay\u0131 atacak zata iki y\u00fcz lira nakti m\u00fckafat takdim edece\u011fim. Milletimizin istikbalinin selamete visalini ve muvaffakiyetini Cenab-\u0131 Hak\u2019tan temenni eder, h\u00fcrmetle ellerinizden \u00f6perim.<\/em><\/p>\n

                        Erzurumlu Hac\u0131 Ahmedzade Nafiz\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/em> <\/span><\/p>\n

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Salih Reis<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Enver \u015eapolyo\u2019nun ilk ka\u011fn\u0131 komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131lk\u0131\u015fZ\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0130nebolu\u2019yu bombalamas\u0131ndan sonra sahil kumandan\u0131n\u0131n emri ile \u015eapolyo ilk ka\u011fn\u0131 kolu komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi verilir.<\/p>\n

40 ka\u011fn\u0131, bir nefer ve \u015eapolyo\u2026 Nefer, ba\u015f\u0131nda Laz ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131rt\u0131nda bir Rus mavzeri ve iki kolon fi\u015fek sahibi eski f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 \u0130nebolulu Mustafa\u2026 Bu neferin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fck, hapishanelerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ve k\u00f6y ve kasabalardaki kabaday\u0131lardan te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015f g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc milis jandarma g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ka\u011fn\u0131 kolu ak\u015fam vakti yola \u00e7\u0131kar ve karanl\u0131kta yol al\u0131rken 1 saat sonra \u0130nebolu\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131n vesikalar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol edildi\u011fi bir karakola var\u0131rlar. \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7mek o kadar kolay de\u011fildir\u2026 Karakolda asker \u015eapolyo\u2019ya,\u201c6 g\u00fcnde Kastamonu\u2019ya varmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f yoksa \u0130stiklal Mahkemesine \u00e7\u0131kars\u0131n hem cephede asker cephane bekler\u201d<\/em> der\u2026<\/p>\n

Ka\u011fn\u0131lar ortak bir ses ile ilerlemektedir. \u015eapolyo bu ahenkli sesi hi\u00e7bir m\u00fczik aletinin \u00e7\u0131karamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. K\u00f6yl\u00fclerin kendi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ka\u011fn\u0131lara k\u00f6m\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6k\u00fcz ko\u015fulur, ses \u00e7\u0131karmayan ka\u011fn\u0131lar u\u011fursuz say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan g\u0131c\u0131rdas\u0131n diyeteker g\u00f6beklerine k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, tekerleri sabit tutan ezgen k\u0131sm\u0131na da yanmas\u0131n diye yo\u011furt s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. E\u011fer ka\u011fn\u0131lar \u00e7ok dik ini\u015flere denk gelirlerse hemen ormandan bir a\u011fa\u00e7 kesilip ka\u011fn\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131p fren vazifesi g\u00f6rd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. Ka\u011fn\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ayaklar\u0131 \u00e7ar\u0131kl\u0131, sar\u0131 mintanl\u0131, mor \u015falvarl\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ku\u015fakl\u0131 delikanl\u0131lar ile \u00fc\u00e7 etekli dall\u0131 \u015falvarl\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc kad\u0131nlar bulunmaktaym\u0131\u015f.Ka\u011fn\u0131c\u0131dan ikisi  60\u2019l\u0131 ya\u015flarda erkek, sekiz tanesi  15 ya\u015f\u0131nda delikanl\u0131 di\u011ferleri baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklu olmakla beraber gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlarm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Gece karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilerleyen ka\u011fn\u0131 kolu Dig\u00fcz K\u00f6y\u00fcnden ge\u00e7tikten sonra So\u011fuksu Han\u0131na var\u0131r. Burada kar\u0131nlar\u0131 doyurulur ve Enver \u015eapolyo burada bir ah\u0131rda geceler.<\/p>\n

Sabah b\u00f6lgenin \u201cTanr\u0131 Cenneti\u201d denen Ecevit B\u00f6lgesine hareket ba\u015flar. \u015eapolyo\u2019nun \u00fczerinde kafas\u0131nda siyah bir kalpak, ayaklar\u0131nda getirler, bir avc\u0131 ceketi, kilot pantolon tiftik bir atk\u0131 ile tam bir Kuva\u0131Milliyeci k\u0131yafeti vard\u0131r. 12 saatlik bir yolculukla K\u00fcre-i N\u00fchas\u2019a var\u0131l\u0131r ve buradaki kahvede k\u0131sa bir sohbetten sonra kahve \u00fcst\u00fc bir odada gecelenir. Ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ilk durak Ecevit B\u00f6lgesi Kel \u0130smail\u2019in Han\u0131 olur ve burada yo\u011furtlu \u00e7orba (Ecevit \u00c7orbas\u0131) ikram\u0131ndan sonra \u015eapolyo Kel \u0130smail ile sohbeti ard\u0131ndan bu ya\u015fl\u0131 hanc\u0131ya \u201cAnadolu Filozofu\u201d diyerek o geceyi de han da ge\u00e7irirler.<\/p>\n

Ertesi sabah Burlen, Karadere ve \u00c7ataldoruk k\u00f6yleri ge\u00e7ildikten sonra cepheye giden askeri bir birlik ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlar. Bu birli\u011fin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn birden a\u011fz\u0131nda \u201cAnkara\u2019n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131na bak\/G\u00f6zlerimin ya\u015f\u0131na bak\u201d<\/em> t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fc hazince s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Tam o s\u0131rada iki atl\u0131 ka\u011fn\u0131lar\u0131n birinin yan\u0131nda durur. Bu atl\u0131lar milletvekilleridir ve Kezban Kad\u0131n\u2019\u0131n ka\u011fn\u0131s\u0131 yan\u0131nda dururlar. Kezban Kad\u0131n ve bebe\u011fi so\u011fuktan \u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler ve mosmor kesilmi\u015fler ama ka\u011fn\u0131 \u00fczerindeki serili yorgan\u0131 \u00fczerlerine almam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Daha sonradan Tar\u0131m Bakan\u0131 olacak olan Sabri Bey Kezban Kad\u0131na:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130kinizde pek \u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn\u00fcz, bu yorgan\u0131 al da bebe\u011fini de kendini de muhafaza et\u201d<\/em> der. Kezban Kad\u0131n da yorgan\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131r ve alt\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7 sand\u0131k cephaneyi g\u00f6stererek:<\/p>\n

\u201cBu cephanelerin \u00fcst\u00fcne ya\u011fmur ya\u011fan, su al\u0131rsa bozulur, fakat \u00e7ocu\u011fum so\u011fuktan \u00f6l\u00fcrse ben bir tane daha do\u011fururum\u201d<\/em> diyerek bir kahramanl\u0131k menk\u0131besi yarat\u0131r. Milletvekilleri ise tek bir kelime s\u00f6yleyemeden g\u00f6zleri ya\u015fl\u0131 atlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcp uzakla\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Benzer bir olay Seydiler civar\u0131nda ya\u015fanacak, tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir mermi s\u0131rtlanm\u0131\u015f bir kad\u0131nla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan \u015eapolyo bu kad\u0131n\u0131n da kafilelerine kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra ka\u011fn\u0131c\u0131lardan Cemil\u2019in k\u00f6y\u00fc olan Cislerik K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019ne gelirler ve burada kendilerine sahanda yumurta, bal ve yo\u011furt ikram edilir. Ge\u00e7tikleri her k\u00f6y\u00fcn misafirperver oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen \u015eapolyo, t\u00fcm da\u011flar\u0131n da tiftik ke\u00e7ileri ile dolu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledikten sonra Seydiler\u2019de var\u0131p burada konaklarlar. Ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc S\u0131ras\u00f6\u011f\u00fctler Han\u0131nda on kuru\u015fa kalan \u015eapolyo ve ka\u011fn\u0131lar, ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc \u015eeker K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019y\u00fc ge\u00e7ip Kastamonu\u2019ya var\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Herkes ka\u011fn\u0131lar\u0131 seyretmekte iken ka\u011fn\u0131 kolu il giri\u015findeki k\u0131\u015flaya ge\u00e7ip bir ambar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde dururlar. Buras\u0131 birinci menzildir. \u0130kinci Menzil Kastamonu-Ankara \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc menzil ise Ankara-Eski\u015fehir\u2019dir\u2026 <\/span><\/p>\n

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Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019de Kastamonu<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Enver Behnan\u015eapolyo, bu \u015fekilde toplamda be\u015f kez \u0130nebolu-Kastamonu aras\u0131 ka\u011fn\u0131 kolu komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapar. Kendisi ilk kez Kastamonu\u2019ya geldi\u011finde kenti \u015fu \u015fekilde betimler:           \u201cEski bir T\u00fcrk Kenti. Halk\u0131 iyi huylu ve sevimli ancak hac\u0131s\u0131 hocas\u0131 \u00e7ok bu y\u00fczden olduk\u00e7a muhafazakar bir yer. Evleri kerpi\u00e7 olup konak denilen b\u00fcy\u00fck evleri de var. Sokaklar\u0131 ise \u00e7amur deryas\u0131 \u015feklinde, \u00e7amurdan ziyade batakl\u0131k gibi. Bolluk bir \u015fehir ve ucuz. En kalabal\u0131k yer Nasrettin K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc (Nasrullah K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc) ve Tekkealt\u0131\u2019d\u0131r (Cumhuriyet Meydan\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Ziraat Bankas\u0131 civar\u0131). \u015eehrin ortas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en \u00e7aya G\u00f6ksu (Kastamonu \u00c7ay\u0131, Karasu gibi ba\u015fka kaynaklarda da farkl\u0131 isimlerle ge\u00e7en Kara\u00e7omak \u00c7ay\u0131) deniyor. Bak\u0131r ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f i\u015flerinde bir de urganc\u0131l\u0131kta ileri gitmi\u015f bir \u015fehir. Elmas\u0131, \u00fcryan\u0131 eri\u011fi ve past\u0131rmas\u0131 ve pi\u015fmaniyesi (\u00c7ekme Helva) pek nefistir. Kastamonu\u2019da A\u00e7\u0131ks\u00f6z adl\u0131 bir gazete Hamdi \u00c7elen ve H\u00fcsn\u00fc Bey ad\u0131nda iki hamiyetli zat taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve \u0130smail Habib (ev\u00fck) de ba\u015fmakale yazard\u0131r. Bu gazete Milli M\u00fccadele d\u00f6neminin en de\u011ferli gazetesi olup koleksiyonu Milli M\u00fccadele tarihidir.H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bina. \u015eehirde bir Sultani, k\u0131z ve erkek muallim Mektebi, Sanayi ve Ziraat Okullar\u0131 var. K\u0131z Muallim mektebinin talebeleri siyah \u00e7ar\u015fafl\u0131 idi. Hele Erkek Muallim mektebi bir taassup yuvas\u0131 haline getirilmi\u015f. Talebeler ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p okulda \u00e7oraplar\u0131yla geziniyorlar. Talebelere \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnde bir gus\u00fcl abdesti ald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.  Be\u015f vakit mektebin i\u00e7inde ezan okunup talebeler namaza g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. M\u00fcd\u00fcrleri kara \u00e7ember sakall\u0131 Remzi ad\u0131nda biri, kendisi haftaya bir \u00f6\u011frenci kovar. Talebeler \u00e7evreden gelen ilim a\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131, zeki ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan \u00e7ocuklar fakat m\u00fcstebit idarenin bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda ezilmekteler. Kastamonu Sultanisi ise kuvvetlidir. Bu taassuba kar\u015f\u0131n halk uyan\u0131k insanlardan olu\u015fur. En b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131 Nasrullah Cami olup mesire yerleri ise Uluba\u015f\u0131 Semtidir (Olukba\u015f\u0131).\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Kastamonu\u2019da \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi ve Vatan Hainlerinin \u0130dam\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

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istiklal mahkemesi binas\u0131<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6neminde Kastamonu\u2019da iki kez \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi kurulmu\u015ftur. Bu mahkemelerin amac\u0131 vatan hainleri, isyanc\u0131 ve asker ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcratle cezaland\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Kastamonu \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi Bolu, Sinop, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Zonguldak b\u00f6lgelerinden sorumlu idi. \u0130lk \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi heyeti, Mente\u015fe Mebusu Tevfik R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, Kozan Mebusu Fikret ve Saruhan Mebusu Refik \u015eevket Beyler; ikinci \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi ise Saruhan Mebusu Mustafa Necati, Trabzon Mebusu Nebizade Hamdi ve \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Mebusu Ne\u015fet beylerden olu\u015fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Enver \u015eapolyo Kastamonu\u2019dayken bir g\u00fcn \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi i\u015fleyi\u015fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in davalara gider. Mahkeme bah\u00e7e i\u00e7inde ta\u015f bir binadad\u0131r (G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi). Bina i\u00e7inde davalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131m ve iskemleler ile arka tarafta yemekhane s\u0131ralar\u0131 dizilidir. Ana duvarda bir levha \u00fczerinde \u201cM\u00fccadelesinde yaln\u0131z Allah\u2019tan korkar\u201d<\/em> yazmaktad\u0131r ve alt\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Bayra\u011f\u0131 as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bayra\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde de mahkeme heyetinin k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc bulunur. Mahkeme Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Necati Bey salona girer ve polis komiserinden mazlunlar\u0131 (daval\u0131lar) i\u00e7eriye g\u00f6ndermesi isteyerek davalar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

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Kastamonu \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

Ayaklar\u0131ndan prangalar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fclen biri Kayserili Ermeni, biri Zonguldakl\u0131 bir Rum ve \u0130nebolulu bir T\u00fcrk mahkum i\u00e7eriye girer. Rum ve Ermeni titrerken mahkeme heyeti kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130nebolulu T\u00fcrk bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 mahkeme reisine dikmi\u015f beklemektedir. Mahkeme gayet k\u0131sa ve net sorularla ilerleyip mahkumlara su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 direkt iletilir.<\/p>\n

Dava Kayserili Ermeni ile ba\u015flar. Kendisi 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda asker ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015f, cinayetler i\u015flemi\u015f ama yakalanamadan ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, en sonunda da Kastamonu ormanlar\u0131nda bir \u00e7oban\u0131 balta ile \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7almaya yeltenmi\u015ftir. Su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 iletilen mahkum pi\u015fman oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip aff\u0131n\u0131 dilemi\u015f ama ba\u015fka soru sorulmadan Zonguldakl\u0131 Rum ki\u015finin davas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Bu ki\u015finin Yunan Ordusu lehinde casusluk yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, evinde \u00e7\u0131kan belgeler soruldu\u011funda inkar etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve ihtiyar oldu\u011fundan affedilmesini istenmi\u015fse de ba\u015fka soru sorulmadan \u0130nebolulu T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn davas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Heyet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Necati, ihtiyar sen asker ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 o\u011flunu evinde saklam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n diyerek su\u00e7lamay\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\n

\u0130nebolu\u2019nun \u00c7atal Nahiyesinden bu k\u00f6yl\u00fc, cebinden birka\u00e7 par\u00e7a kafa ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve \u201cReis Bey! \u015eu kafa ka\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ini okursan bana dedi\u011finden utan\u0131rs\u0131n\u201d<\/em> der.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Necati, \u201cNeden?\u201d<\/em> diye sorar.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc:<\/p>\n

\u201d Bu n\u00fcfus ka\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131 Balkan ve Umumi Harbde \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fen o\u011fullar\u0131ma ait. \u0130ki tane aslan\u0131m\u0131 bu millete \u015fehit veren bir baba, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc o\u011flunu bu \u00f6l\u00fcm dirim harbinde bir kahpe saklar gibi gizlemez Reis Bey\u201d<\/em> der ve mavi mintan\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131p g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcndeki kur\u015fun yaralar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stererek  \u201cBenim ba\u011fr\u0131m yaral\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00fc\u015fmanlardan ald\u0131m. Ben nas\u0131l olurda son o\u011flumu asker ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olarak saklar\u0131m. ben bunlar gibi vatan haini de\u011filim diyerek\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6ylenir.    \u0130\u015fte tam bu s\u0131rada bir polis komiseri i\u00e7eri girer ve mahkeme heyetine bir ka\u011f\u0131t uzat\u0131r. Ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 okuyan Mustafa Necati Bey a\u011flamaya ba\u015flar ve T\u00fcrk K\u00f6yl\u00fcye \u201d Baba, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flun da \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019de \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130lmi haberi bana \u015fimdi geldi\u201d<\/em> der. Haberi duyan ihtiyarda metanetli bir \u015fekilde \u201cMillet sa\u011folsun, siz aslanlar\u0131m sa\u011folun\u201d<\/em> der. Mustafa Necati Bey, \u201cBaba bizi affet, bir yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k olmu\u015f, T\u00fcrk hain olmaz\u201d<\/em> der ve ihtiyar\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Nasrullah K\u00f6prs\u00fc<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

Di\u011fer tutuklar\u0131n karar\u0131 okunmaz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc adet oldu\u011fu \u00fczere e\u011fer karar bildirilmezse bunlar\u0131n idam olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131 ve kararlar\u0131 idam sehpas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde okunurdu.<\/p>\n

Ertesi sabah g\u00fcn a\u011far\u0131rken Nasrullah K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde idam sehpalar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, ibret almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcm mahkumlarla birlikte as\u0131lacaklar da getirilmi\u015ftir. Halk bu olay\u0131 seyretmek i\u00e7in toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130daml\u0131klar \u015fuursuz bir hal alm\u0131\u015f vaziyettedir. \u015eapolyo bu durum i\u00e7in \u201cDemek insan \u00fcmitle ya\u015f\u0131yor, o s\u00f6nd\u00fc m\u00fc her \u015fey de s\u00f6n\u00fcyor\u201d<\/em> diyecektir. Sonra idam kararlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek sesle okunmu\u015f, \u00c7ingene cellat idaml\u0131klar\u0131n boynuna su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir levha ge\u00e7irmi\u015f sonra da infaz ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir\u2026<\/p>\n

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\u0130stiklal Mahkemesi Heyeti ile Ankara\u2019ya Hareket<\/u><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

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Aral\u0131k 15\u2019i oldu\u011funda Enver \u015eapolyo Mustafa Necati\u2019nin izni ile \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi Heyeti ile Ankara\u2019ya gider. Atl\u0131 olarak yola \u00e7\u0131kacaklard\u0131r ve kafileye 12 adet muhaf\u0131z e\u015flik etmektedir. Mustafa Necati mahkeme ba\u015fkan\u0131yken ailesini de Kastamonu\u2019ya getirmi\u015f Olukba\u015f\u0131\u2019nda bir eve yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Atl\u0131 s\u00fcvari birli\u011fi ile Enver \u015eapolyo ilk olarak Olukba\u015f\u0131\u2019na gitmi\u015f ve burada Mustafa Necati ile bulu\u015fmu\u015f hatta Mustafa Necati\u2019nin babas\u0131ndan helallik alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Zorlu bir yolculuk olacakt\u0131r bu. Enver Behnan\u015eapolyo bu yolculu\u011fun ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan Mustafa Necati\u2019yi \u015fu \u015fekilde tasvir eder: \u201cEn \u00f6nde \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi reisi, bir k\u0131r at \u00fczerinde, ba\u015f\u0131nda iri bir siyah kalpak, \u00fczerinde ise bir kurt k\u00fcrk\u00fc vard\u0131. Bu hal ona bir heybet veriyordu\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Yo\u011fun kar \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda Koval\u0131, Bulac\u0131k, Umut ve Kay\u0131 ile ak\u015fam karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kmesine kar\u015f\u0131n Be\u015fde\u011firmenler K\u00f6yleri ge\u00e7ilir. G\u00fclmezler, Gavurun Han\u0131 ve G\u00fcng\u00f6rmezler K\u00f6yleri de ge\u00e7ilir gecenin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Hacettepe\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. So\u011fuktan donmamak i\u00e7in bacak aras\u0131na tuz torbalar\u0131 konmu\u015f, karanl\u0131ktan kaybolmamak i\u00e7in aras\u0131ra \u201cHa!\u201d nidas\u0131 ile m\u0131zraklar bir \u00f6ndekinin s\u0131rt\u0131na vurularak ilerleniyordur. \u0130ni\u015fte, \u00c7omar K\u00f6y\u00fc, Yenice K\u00f6y\u00fc ve Kazanc\u0131 Han\u0131 da ge\u00e7ilir en sonunda Kale Han\u0131nda ilk mola verilir\u2026<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Ankara\u2019ya ula\u015fan heyetten Enver Behnan \u015eapolyo Ankara g\u00fcnlerini anlatacakt\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Bir T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n\u0131 olarak Enver Behnan\u015eapolyo\u2019nun verdi\u011fi bilgiler hem Milli M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131 Kastamonusunu g\u00f6rebilmek hem de \u0130stiklal Yolu\u2019nun \u00f6nemini kavramak \u00f6tesinde bu yolda ter ak\u0131tm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n ruhlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fad etmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok ama \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Elbette ki bu bilgiler Kastamonu ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p t\u00fcm Milli M\u00fccadele tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Milli M\u00fccadelesine ve \u0130stiklal\u2019e emek veren herkesin y\u00fcce ruhlar\u0131 an\u0131s\u0131na\u2026.<\/p>\n

MURAT KARASAL\u0130HO\u011eLU <\/u><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Kastamonu Gazetesi<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t