{"id":4380,"date":"2009-08-02T21:08:29","date_gmt":"2009-08-02T18:08:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/imfturkey\/"},"modified":"2023-09-10T22:50:58","modified_gmt":"2023-09-10T19:50:58","slug":"imfturkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/?p=4380","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye IMF \u0130le Devam Etmeli mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4380\" class=\"elementor elementor-4380\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eae8971 animated-slow e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"eae8971\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f782d5d elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"f782d5d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4aed329\" data-id=\"4aed329\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51734dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51734dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00fcrkiye IMF \u0130le Devam Etmeli mi?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-69b298e\" data-id=\"69b298e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb0f15a elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb0f15a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7aeb91f member-info\" data-id=\"7aeb91f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35b3d14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35b3d14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nejat \u00c7o\u011fal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eec41b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eec41b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ankara - 1985<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-00ad67b\" data-id=\"00ad67b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e7d595 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2e7d595\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef24cc0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ef24cc0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3f8ce4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3f8ce4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<pre>\u00a0<\/pre><p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131l sonunda 50 milyar dolar\u0131 bulmas\u0131 beklenen cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) ile H\u00fck\u00fcmet aras\u0131nda yeni bir tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. IMF \u0130cra Direkt\u00f6rleri Kurulu\u2019nun, \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck ve geni\u015flemeye devam eden cari a\u00e7\u0131ktan dolay\u0131, kayda de\u011fer d\u0131\u015f zafiyetlerin yerinde durmaya devam etti\u011fini\u201d belirterek \u201cyola bizimle devam edin\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klamaya, H\u00fck\u00fcmetten sert tepki geldi. Ekonomiden Sorumlu Devlet Bakan\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek, \u201cCari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n esasen IMF Program\u0131n\u0131n yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirtmi\u015f ve \u201c2001\u2019deki krizde IMF program\u0131 yok muydu?\u201d sorusunu y\u00f6nelterek, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin IMF ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 stand-by anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda yeni bir tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere, T\u00fcrkiye-IMF aras\u0131nda imzalanan stand-by programlar\u0131 May\u0131s 2008 tarihi itibariyle sona ermi\u015f, program sonras\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7en hafta tamamlayan \u0130cra Direkt\u00f6rleri Kurulu, 1999-2008 aras\u0131nda imzalanan Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik g\u00fcndemine bomba gibi d\u00fc\u015fen ve k\u00fcresel finans piyasalar\u0131ndaki k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015faret ederek T\u00fcrkiye ile yeni bir anla\u015fma \u00f6neren bu a\u00e7\u0131klama, H\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yeni bir vizyon ve yeni bir programla yoluna devam etmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade eden Devlet Bakan\u0131 \u015eim\u015fek, asl\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin IMF ile son 40 y\u0131lda imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 18 Anla\u015fman\u0131n T\u00fcrk ekonomisine arzulanan seviyede katk\u0131da bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekten de, IMF destekli ekonomik istikrar ve enflasyonu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme programlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyi, \u00f6zellikle 2001 krizinden sonra T\u00fcrkiye g\u00fcndeminde daima tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur ve \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lanan bu programlar\u0131n gereklili\u011fi konusundaki ku\u015fkular giderek art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Nitekim, b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlarla haz\u0131rlanan ve d\u00f6viz kurunu esas alan IMF destekli 1999 ekonomik istikrar program\u0131, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda derin bir finansal kriz ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk ekonomisinin bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan en derin ekonomik durgunluk i\u00e7erisine girmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve nihayet 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda ekonomi %9.5 oran\u0131nda daralm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>Geldi\u011fimiz noktada, IMF \u0130cra Direkt\u00f6rleri Kurulu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin IMF ile yola devam etmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtirken, bir yandan da \u00f6z ele\u015ftiri yapmaktan geri kalmamaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cDirekt\u00f6rler, Fon\u2019un siyasi tavsiyelerinin genel olarak yerinde oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ancak baz\u0131 Direkt\u00f6rler \u00f6zellikle ilk d\u00f6nemde, IMF\u2019nin temel alan\u0131na girmeyen konularda \u00fczerinde durulan \u2018yap\u0131sal ko\u015fullulu\u011fun\u2019 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde\u2026\u201d denilmek suretiyle, programlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda esasen IMF\u2019nin de pay\u0131 oldu\u011funu itiraf etmektedirler. Ku\u015fkusuz, imzalanan her stand-by anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir unsurunu te\u015fkil eden \u201cyap\u0131sal reformlar\u201d anlam\u0131nda, IMF\u2019nin s\u0131k s\u0131k uzmanl\u0131k alan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki itiraf kabule \u015f\u00e2yand\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, emekli maa\u015f art\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan, bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme yap\u0131s\u0131na kadar uzanan bir yelpazede vuku bulan m\u00fcdahaleler, zaman zaman geni\u015f halk kitleleri taraf\u0131ndan da tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u00d6te yandan, Devlet Bakan\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek\u2019in, IMF\u2019nin 2001 ekonomik krizindeki sorumlulu\u011funu g\u00fcndeme getirmek suretiyle, ya\u015fanan bu ac\u0131 tecr\u00fcbenin, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yola tek ba\u015f\u0131na devam edip etmeyece\u011fi konusundaki karar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir referans olarak de\u011ferlendirmeye al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmektedir. Her ne kadar, s\u00f6z konusu kriz siyasi bir sebepten patlak vermi\u015f ise de, asl\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek sebebin, H\u00fck\u00fcmetten gereken deste\u011fi g\u00f6rememi\u015f olan 1999 istikrar program\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan d\u00f6viz kuru politikas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fi hakk\u0131nda s\u00fcregelen \u015f\u00fcphelerin bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc giderilememi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bu noktada, T\u00fcrkiye-IMF ili\u015fkilerinin tarihi geli\u015fimine k\u0131saca g\u00f6z atmam\u0131zda yarar bulundu\u011fu kanaatindeyiz:<\/p><p>Enflasyon 1970 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana \u00dclkemizin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli ekonomik problem olmu\u015f, bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye, IMF ile birlikte bir\u00e7ok anti-enflasyonist programa imza atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde, T\u00fcrkiye mali piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 ve sermaye hareketlerini serbestle\u015ftirmi\u015f, bu programlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fabilmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, ekonominin serbestle\u015ftirilmesi ve istikrara kavu\u015fturabilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, son 40 y\u0131lda IMF ile \u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lanan farkl\u0131 Anla\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, d\u00f6viz kuru, \u00f6zellikle nominal d\u00f6viz kuru politikalar\u0131, bu ekonomik istikrar programlar\u0131nda anahtar rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>1980\u2019lerde T\u00fcrk Ekonomisi hem dahili ve hem de harici olarak t\u00fcm\u00fcyle serbestle\u015ftirilerek, i\u00e7 piyasaya d\u00f6n\u00fck ithal ikamesi politikas\u0131 terk edilmi\u015f ve ihracata dayal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme politikas\u0131 benimsenmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda, H\u00fck\u00fcmet bankalara d\u00f6viz i\u015flemleri yapma iznini vermi\u015f; bankalar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n k\u0131sa d\u00f6nem likidite ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere \u0130nterbank Para Piyasas\u0131 olu\u015fturulmu\u015f; Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kurulu te\u015fkil edilmi\u015f; \u0130stanbul Menkul K\u0131ymetler Borsas\u0131 yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; sonu\u00e7 olarak T\u00fcrk ekonomisinin finansal derinli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda, Gayri Safi Milli H\u00e2s\u0131lan\u0131n (GSMH), de\u011fi\u015fken bir yap\u0131 g\u00f6steren yabanc\u0131 sermaye giri\u015finin etkilerine, 1980\u2019li y\u0131llara k\u0131yasla daha fazla ba\u011fl\u0131 bir hale geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan finansal krizle birlikte, enflasyon oran\u0131 3 rakaml\u0131 bir say\u0131ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve nominal kur bir g\u00fcnde %39 de\u011fer kaybetmi\u015ftir. \u00dclkeden b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda sermaye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bu krizin hemen ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye- IMF aras\u0131nda yeni bir ekonomik istikrar program\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu Stand-by anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi ile \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yabanc\u0131 sermaye giri\u015fi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrk ekonomisi 1995\u20131997 d\u00f6neminde y\u0131ll\u0131k %7\u2019den daha y\u00fcksek bir kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nemde, Merkez Bankas\u0131 reel d\u00f6viz kuru politikas\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde takip etmi\u015f ve 1994\u2019teki y\u00fcksek deval\u00fcasyonun etkisiyle ihracat rakamlar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, h\u0131zl\u0131 ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye ra\u011fmen, d\u0131\u015f ticaret dengesi istikrarl\u0131 bir seviyede tutulabilmi\u015f ancak, Asya Krizi nedeniyle, b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131 1998\u2019de %3,1\u2019e gerilemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Do\u011fu Asya Krizi ve 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Rusya Krizinin olumsuz etkileriyle m\u00fccadele etmek zorunda kalan T\u00fcrkiye, 1999\u2019da meydana gelen ve ekonomik ve sosyal hayat\u0131 sarsan depremlerle daha da g\u00fc\u00e7 ko\u015fullar i\u00e7erisine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek enflasyon ve reel faiz oranlar\u0131, artan kamu a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle bozulan ekonomik istikrar\u0131 yeniden sa\u011flayabilmek amac\u0131yla, Kas\u0131m 1999\u2019da, H\u00fck\u00fcmet yeni bir enflasyonla m\u00fccadele program\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve IMF ile yeni bir stand-by anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>IMF\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlar ba\u011flanan 1999 ekonomik istikrar program\u0131, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda derin bir ekonomik krizle \u00e2deta duvara \u00e7arpm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6nceden ilan edilen nominal d\u00f6viz kuru politikas\u0131 terk edilerek, d\u00f6viz kurunun serbest\u00e7e dalgalanmas\u0131na izin verilmi\u015ftir. Krizin etkisiyle birlikte, enflasyon TEFE\u2019de, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda %32.7\u2019den 2001 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda %88.6\u2019ya kadar y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Kriz sonras\u0131nda ekonomik programda revizyona gidilmi\u015f, krizin ard\u0131ndan kurun \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fer kaybetmesi, d\u0131\u015f ticarette rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve ekonomi 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren toparlanma e\u011filimine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>IMF-T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda, 2002\u20132004 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan yeni bir stand-by anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak hedefler revize edilmi\u015f, uygulanan yeni ekonomik tedbirlerle, g\u00f6stergeler h\u0131zla iyile\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>2001 krizinin ard\u0131ndan ekonomik g\u00f6stergelerde meydana gelen iyile\u015fmeler ve sa\u011flanan ekonomik istikrar ortam\u0131n\u0131n daha ziyade, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yeni ekonomik tedbirlerin uygulanmas\u0131 konusundaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, uygun uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik konjonkt\u00fcr ve kriz sonras\u0131 ekonominin izledi\u011fi do\u011fal ve olumlu seyirden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylememiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Nitekim, geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerde faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren h\u0131zl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f e\u011filimi g\u00f6stermesi \u00fczerine, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ciddi bir art\u0131\u015f olmu\u015ftur. Bu da, tabii olarak krizden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir ekonominin finansman sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u00d6te yandan, cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren s\u00fcrekli olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcyen T\u00fcrk Ekonomisinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck problemi olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Zira, Cari \u0130\u015flemler Hesab\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131l sonuna kadar 50 milyar dolar a\u00e7\u0131k vermesi beklenmektedir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlenmi\u015f YTL ile y\u00fcksek reel faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n, son y\u0131llarda art\u0131\u015f e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren cari a\u00e7\u0131k \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 olu\u015fturarak ileride bir \u00f6demeler dengesi probleminin ya\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131 muhtemel hale getirdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyiz.<\/p><p>Ya\u015fanan bu geli\u015fmelerin de katk\u0131s\u0131yla cari a\u00e7\u0131k ekseninde geli\u015fen T\u00fcrkiye-IMF ili\u015fkilerinin gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 su\u00e7lamalarla h\u0131z kazanm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ne var ki, T\u00fcrk Ekonomisinin gittik\u00e7e kronikle\u015fen bir problemi haline gelen cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n, uygulanan IMF programlar\u0131n\u0131n bir yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerken, ayn\u0131 zamanda sa\u011flanan ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme, enflasyon ve kamu bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f gibi olumlu geli\u015fmelerin de bu programlar d\u00f6nemine rast geldi\u011fi unutulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Netice itibariyle, \u00f6zellikle 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de uygulanan IMF destekli ekonomik istikrar programlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131 seviyeleri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye-IMF ili\u015fkilerinin tarihi s\u00fcre\u00e7teki yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n derinlemesine tahlil edilmesi ve buna g\u00f6re, gelece\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fck yeni bir yol haritas\u0131 \u00e7izilmesi zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi kanaatindeyiz. Zira T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kendine has ekonomik problemlerine, toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 da g\u00f6zetecek \u015fekilde ve kendi ger\u00e7ekleri temelinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 \u00fcretilmesi ve bu do\u011frultuda programlar haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 halinde, halk\u0131n deste\u011fini almak ve ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak daha da kolay olabilecektir.<\/p><p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc, yeni bir program ve vizyonla yola devam etmesi gerekti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine olumlu bak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki, d\u0131\u015f finansman konusunda sorun ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece bir ekonominin, IMF deste\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 duymaks\u0131z\u0131n ve tamamen milli kayg\u0131larla haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve etkili bir enflasyonla m\u00fccadele program\u0131yla yola devam etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczdendir ki H\u00fck\u00fcmet \u015fu g\u00fcnlerde, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin IMF destekli yeni bir ekonomik programa ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunu tart\u0131\u015fma konusu yapmakta ve IMF\u2019nin bu konudaki \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131na ihtiyatla yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bununla birlikte, d\u00fcnya piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden k\u00fcresel krizin etkileri sona erinceye kadar, daha esnek bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir ihtiyati stand-by anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7enekler aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 belki H\u00fck\u00fcmetin hareket k\u00e2biliyetini art\u0131rabilecektir. Ancak uzun vadede haz\u0131rlanacak bir ekonomik istikrar program\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, yap\u0131sal reformlar, mali disiplin, tutarl\u0131 para ve d\u00f6viz kuru politikalar\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ayn\u0131 zamanda, uygulanan programa y\u00f6nelik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve s\u00fcrekli bir g\u00fcven duygusunu da ihtiya\u00e7 haline getirmektedir.<\/p><p><span class=\"info\">Kaynak: http:\/\/www.turkocagi.org.tr<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nejat \u00c7o\u011fal Ankara &#8211; 1985 \u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131l sonunda 50 milyar dolar\u0131 bulmas\u0131 beklenen cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) ile H\u00fck\u00fcmet aras\u0131nda yeni bir tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. IMF \u0130cra Direkt\u00f6rleri Kurulu\u2019nun, \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck ve geni\u015flemeye devam eden cari a\u00e7\u0131ktan dolay\u0131, kayda de\u011fer d\u0131\u015f zafiyetlerin yerinde durmaya devam etti\u011fini\u201d belirterek \u201cyola bizimle devam edin\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-community"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4380"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4380\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6929,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4380\/revisions\/6929"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}