{"id":4926,"date":"2018-11-22T22:02:24","date_gmt":"2018-11-22T19:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/akillisozlesme\/"},"modified":"2023-06-09T21:57:25","modified_gmt":"2023-06-09T18:57:25","slug":"akillisozlesme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/?p=4926","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u0131ll\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin Hukuk D\u00fczeni \u0130\u00e7erisindeki Yeri"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4926\" class=\"elementor elementor-4926\" 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data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a2ac891 animated-slow e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a2ac891\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;opacity-fan&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 283.5 19.6\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 18.8 141.8 4.1 283.5 18.8 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 12.6 141.8 4 283.5 12.6 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 6.4 141.8 4 283.5 6.4 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L0 1.2 141.8 4 283.5 1.2 283.5 0z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14e38ef7 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"14e38ef7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:500}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f7526de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f7526de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ak\u0131ll\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin Hukuk D\u00fczeni \u0130\u00e7erisindeki Yeri<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4927f3c7 e-con-full e-transform e-transform e-transform e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4927f3c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7e7fbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c7e7fbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"392\" height=\"216\" src=\"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sozlesme.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5365\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sozlesme.jpeg 392w, https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sozlesme-300x165.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48b7e78 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"48b7e78\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4ad672 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a4ad672\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2690779 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2690779\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do\u00e7. Dr. Memduh ASLAN &#8211; Av. Asl\u0131han \u00c7AKMAZ<\/p>\n<div class=\"info\"><em>\u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d<\/em>, dijital paralar\u0131n pop\u00fcler olmas\u0131yla her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f bir kavram olup, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z bu kavram \u00fczerinden bir k\u0131s\u0131m hukuki de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7ermekte ise de daha en ba\u015fta bu kavrama y\u00fcklenen\u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d anlam\u0131na bir \u00e7ekincemiz oldu\u011funu belirtmek isteriz. Zira, kavram\u0131n bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131; ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ile blok zincirin sadece kripto paralar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fim platformu \u00f6zelli\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin hi\u00e7bir arac\u0131 kullanmaks\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde uygulanabilece\u011fi iddias\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermekte ise de a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer verece\u011fimiz hususlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u2013en az\u0131ndan \u015fimdilik-bu kavrama ihtiyatla yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/div>\n<p>{xtypo_rounded2}Anayasam\u0131z\u0131n 48. maddesi gere\u011fince herkes, diledi\u011fi alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunun 26. maddesi gere\u011fince de taraflar, bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin i\u00e7eri\u011fini kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde \u00f6zg\u00fcrce belirleyebilirler. O halde genel anlamda \u201c<em>ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/em>\u201d d\u00fczenlemenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde&nbsp;<strong>yasal bir engel yoktur<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Hukuk d\u00fczeninde bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme tipiklik \u00f6zelli\u011fini ancak belirli hukuk normlar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ile kazanabilir. Bu nedenle&nbsp;<em>\u201cak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;dedi\u011fimizde bunun art\u0131k hukuki bir kavram kabul edip herkesin ayn\u0131 \u015feyi anlamas\u0131 veya hukuk d\u00fczeninin her defas\u0131nda ayn\u0131 kurallar\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kavram\u0131n tipiklik kazanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Dijital teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi ile ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme kavram\u0131 (tan\u0131m \u00fczerinde \u00e7ekincelerimiz olmakla birlikte) \u015fu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler say\u0131sal kodlar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle klasik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden ayr\u0131l\u0131r,<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Taraflar\u0131n irade beyanlar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r,<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin konusu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7o\u011funlukla kripto para ile al\u0131nabilen ve kullan\u0131labilen dijital ortamda sahip olunabilen &nbsp;varl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blok zincir teknolojisinin getirdi\u011fi bir yeniliktir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin taraf\u0131 gizlidir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0130\u00e7erik usuls\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yetkili ki\u015filerce g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Belirli bir s\u00fcre sonra kendili\u011finden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkar<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ileride fiziki malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesinde de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Otomat makinelerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere benzer.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0130fa edilebilirli\u011finin belirli bir olaya ya da \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131&nbsp;gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0130leride tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n tutulmas\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fikri m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131 da blok zincirde korunabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Merkeziyetsizdir (hi\u00e7 bir devletin veya belirli bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn kontrol\u00fcnde de\u011fildir).<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;kavram\u0131n\u0131, her ne kadar i\u00e7erisinde s\u00f6zle\u015fme ifadesi ge\u00e7se de bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme olmaktan ziyade,&nbsp;<strong><em>\u201chukuk d\u00fczeni taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen s\u00f6zle\u015fme t\u00fcrlerinin blok zincir teknolojisinde uygulama yollar\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>olarak tan\u0131mlamak daha do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r. Bu aray\u0131\u015f i\u00e7erisinde olanlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan&nbsp;<strong><em>s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin hukuki anlam kazanabilme \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;iyi irdelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir belgenin hukuki nitelik kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in&nbsp;<strong>d\u00f6rt unsura<\/strong>&nbsp;ayn\u0131 anda sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu d\u00f6rt unsurun temel amac\u0131&nbsp;<strong>ki\u015fiyi<\/strong>&nbsp;ba\u011flayan belgenin&nbsp;<strong><em>sonradan<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<strong><em>de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyece\u011fi veya d\u00fczenlenemeyece\u011fini<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<strong><em>garanti alt\u0131na almas\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;gerekir. Bu unsurlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan y\u00f6ntemlerin de hak aranan yerde uygulanan hukuk d\u00fczeninde ayn\u0131 zamanda tan\u0131n\u0131yor, kabul ediliyor olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bir belgenin bu manada hukuki (bir hakk\u0131 ispatlayan \u00f6zelli\u011fi) olabilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fu unsurlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gerekir:<\/p>\n<p>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yaz\u0131l\u0131: Belgenin yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Anlaml\u0131: Yaz\u0131lar\u0131n herkes taraf\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labilir \u015fekilde ve anlaml\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir<\/p>\n<p>3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D\u00fczenleme Zaman\u0131n\u0131n Belirli: Ne zaman d\u00fczenlendi\u011finin belli olmas\u0131 gerekir<\/p>\n<p>4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0130mzal\u0131: Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck alt\u0131na girenin imzas\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6rt unsur belgenin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini veya sonradan d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011fini tespit edebilecek \u015fekilde bir arada bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Blok zincir teknolojisinin vaat etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu husus yeni bir ihtiyaca cevap de\u011fildir. Blok zincir teknolojisini bu ihtiyaca yeni bir y\u00f6ntem denemesi olarak kabul etmek daha do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi ile birlikte yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k kavram\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ki\u015finin \u00e7ivi ile ta\u015f tablete kaz\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 metinlerden, say\u0131sal ortamda klavye ile yap\u0131lan say\u0131sal kod giri\u015flerine kadar yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k kavram\u0131 evrilerek geni\u015flemi\u015ftir. Yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k unsurunun kabul edilmesi, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan herhangi bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131kta anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zecek taraf\u0131n bu belgeyi okuyabilme kabiliyetine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Blok zincirde kullan\u0131lmak istenen ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin hukuki niteli\u011fe sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6rt unsur bak\u0131m\u0131ndan irdelemek gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Blok zincir teknolojisinde kullan\u0131lan kriptolama (\u015fifreleme) y\u00f6nteminin, yap\u0131lan kayd\u0131n &nbsp;sonradan olu\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilemez olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilmektedir. Teknik bir husus oldu\u011fundan de\u011ferlendirmemizde bu iddian\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011fu kabul edilecektir. T\u00fcrk hukuku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk hukukunda yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k unsuru i\u00e7in baz\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme t\u00fcrleri haricinde yaz\u0131n\u0131n nereye yaz\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin \u00f6zel bir \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131 gerekmeyen s\u00f6zle\u015fme t\u00fcrleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dijital ortamda olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6nemi yoktur. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 hukuki belge unsuru bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterlidir. Bu anlamda bir metnin bilgisayar veya sair g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile okunabilecek olmas\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k unsurunu tamamlayacakt\u0131r. Yaz\u0131 ister k\u00e2\u011f\u0131ttan ister ta\u015ftan isterse ekrandan ayn\u0131 kelimelerle okunabiliyor ise yaz\u0131l\u0131k unsuru var kabul edilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Anlaml\u0131l\u0131k Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yaz\u0131l\u0131m dili (kod) kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulmaktad\u0131r. Anlaml\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan metnin i\u00e7eri\u011finin anlaml\u0131 olmas\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildir.Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu metinden \u00f6zel bir yetene\u011fe sahip olmadan ortalama bir ki\u015finin elveri\u015fli ara\u00e7lar kullan\u0131larak yaz\u0131lar\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamdan okudu\u011funda anlam \u00e7\u0131karabilmesi gerekir. Bu anlam, okuyan herkes taraf\u0131ndan ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmede kullan\u0131lan yaz\u0131l\u0131m dilinin (kodlar\u0131n\u0131n) ortalama bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan okunup okunamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.&nbsp;(Okuma yazma bilmeyenlerin mevcut yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgeleri okuyamamas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 burada yap\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r.). Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in ortalama bir ki\u015finin bu kodlarda ne denmek istendi\u011fini anlayabilmesi veya bunu okuyabilmesi beklenemez. Ancak ileride bu yaz\u0131l\u0131m dilinin art\u0131k ortalama bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan bilindi\u011finin kabul edilebilece\u011fi ko\u015fullar do\u011fdu\u011funda bu unsur da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f kabul edilecektir. \u00d6nemli olan nokta s\u00f6zle\u015fme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011fine karar verecek olan ki\u015finin arac\u0131s\u0131z olarak bu belgeyi anlayabilmesidir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D\u00fczenleme Zaman\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dijital ortam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zaman damgas\u0131 kesin zaman\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Zaman damgas\u0131, bir elektronik verinin \u00fcretildi\u011fi, de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi, g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi, al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, kaydedildi\u011fi zaman\u0131n tespit edilmesini sa\u011flayan elektronik bir veridir ve 5070 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektronik \u0130mza Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Dijital belgenin d\u00fczenleme zaman\u0131n\u0131n hukuki nitelik kazanabilmesi i\u00e7in zaman damgas\u0131 \u00fcretmeye yetkili kurulu\u015flarca \u00fcretilmesi gerekmektedir. Mevcut ko\u015fullarda blok zincirde \u00fcretilen zaman damgalar\u0131 belgenin d\u00fczenleme zaman\u0131 ko\u015fulunu tamamlamaya elveri\u015fli de\u011fildir. Di\u011fer taraftan zaman damgas\u0131 olmasa da elektronik imza da imzalama tarih verisini i\u00e7erdi\u011finden elektronik imza tarihi &nbsp;zaman unsurunu tamamlamak i\u00e7in yeterli kabul edilecektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0130mza Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin hukuki nitelik kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk \u00fc\u00e7 unsuru zamanla kazanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Ancak temel sorun, ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin taraflar\u0131n\u0131 gizli tutmas\u0131d\u0131r. Taraflar\u0131 gizli tutuldu\u011funda s\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tespit etme olana\u011f\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r. Taraflar ihtilaf halinde kimliklerini a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 veya hukuk d\u00fczeninin ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015fi tan\u0131m\u0131nda kripto ki\u015fi tan\u0131m\u0131na yer vermesi ve hukuk d\u00fczeninin kripto ki\u015fili\u011fe hak arama yetkisi ve bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerine getirebilme sorumlulu\u011fu y\u00fckleyebilmesi halinde bu unsurun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Mevcut ko\u015fullarda taraflar\u0131n kimliklerini if\u015fa etmekten ba\u015fka bir yol yoktur. Taraflar kimliklerini if\u015fa ettikten sonra bu belgenin kendilerini ba\u011flayabilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 imzalar\u0131n\u0131n belgede yer almas\u0131 gerekir. Yine hukuk d\u00fczenimizde bunun i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli elektronik imzan\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Blok zincir c\u00fczdanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda yer alan \u00f6zel anahtarlar hukuk d\u00fczenimizde imza olarak kabul edilmemektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan ticari i\u015fler i\u00e7in tacirlerin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye uygun davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmas\u0131 halinde imza unsuru eksik olsa bile s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile ba\u011fl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne almak gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, detayda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme t\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011fil, s\u00f6zle\u015fme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde s\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yerine getirilece\u011fini garanti etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile&nbsp;<strong><em>ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri mevcut s\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00f6ntemlerine alternatif olarak g\u00f6rmek<\/em><\/strong>, umulan\u0131n aksine bu teknolojik imk\u00e2n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilecek hatal\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin hukuk d\u00fczeni i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunun detaylar\u0131na ilerideki yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda yer verilecektir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do\u00e7. Dr. Memduh ASLAN &#8211; Av. Asl\u0131han \u00c7AKMAZ \u201cAk\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d, dijital paralar\u0131n pop\u00fcler olmas\u0131yla her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f bir kavram olup, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z bu kavram \u00fczerinden bir k\u0131s\u0131m hukuki de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7ermekte ise de daha en ba\u015fta bu kavrama y\u00fcklenen\u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d anlam\u0131na bir \u00e7ekincemiz oldu\u011funu belirtmek isteriz. Zira, kavram\u0131n bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131; ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5365,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_gspb_post_css":"","_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[73,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-cms","category-makale"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4926"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5377,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4926\/revisions\/5377"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yeni.maliyeokulu.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}